Push / In-app Messaging SDK
The clearest split is that Courier has a free tier while Airship does not. Courier is Multi-channel notification API routing messages across email, push, SMS, Slack, and in-app with template; Airship is Mobile engagement platform with push notifications, in-app messaging, SMS, email, and real-time data streaming. The data points Courier at mobile app engagement and user lifecycle messaging, and Airship at mobile app engagement and user lifecycle messaging. Pricing: Courier is freemium, free tier; Airship is subscription from $9. Lock-in is medium for Courier and low for Airship, with DX at 4/5 vs 4/5 and transparency at 4/5 vs 2/5. On listed strengths, Courier emphasises mobile app engagement and user lifecycle messaging, and Airship emphasises mobile app engagement and user lifecycle messaging. Only Airship lists an enterprise tier in the data. Honest trade-off: neither fits web-only products without mobile, so if that is your context, look elsewhere; otherwise pick on the pivotal factor above and the DX score that matters most to your team.
Quick take
Courier is for mobile; Airship is for mobile; decide based on whether a free tier matters.